Ronaldinho de Assis Moreira was born on 21st March, 1980 in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
He helped Brazil win the World under-17 Championship in Egypt. During the competition he was scouted by local club Gremio and signed his first professional contract.
In 1999, after hitting 15 goals in 14 games for Gremio, Ronaldinho won his first senior cap for Brazil against Latvia. After shining in that match he made Brazil's Copa America squad and scored an incredible goal against Venezuela as Brazil won the trophy.
Ronaldinho scored his first hat-trick for Brazil against Saudi Arabia in the Confederations Cup semi-finals later that year.
In 2001 he left Gremio for Paris St. Germain (PSG) but was unable to make his debut because of contract rows, until 3 months later when FIFA stepped in.
In 2002 Ronaldinho was voted France's player of the month for January after hitting 6 goals in 7 games for PSG.
In June of that year he scored the famous free-kick against David Seaman in Brazil's World Cup Quarter Finals match against England (but was it a cross?), however later in that match he got a red card. After being suspended in the semis Ronaldinho won the World Cup with Brazil, playing in the final against Germany.
In the 2003 summer transfer market he rejected Manchester United to join Spanish side Barcelona for £21m.
After playing well for Barca Ronaldinho was named as one of the 11 greatest living footballers, announced by FIFA and chosen by Brazil legend Pele.
Then, Ronaldinho scored 15 league goals to inspire an improved Barcelona to 2nd place in La Liga. Soon after he suffered the first major injury of his career and missed Brazil's Copa America campaign.
Ronaldinho pleased Barcelona fans by turning down Chelsea and agreeing a new contract. In December he was named best player in the world for 2004 by FIFA beating Shevchenko and Henry to first place.
Six months later Ronaldinho helped Barcelona to win La Liga 2005 easily outdoing rivals Real Madrid.
In September 2005 Ronaldinho added to his bulging trophy cabinet when he won the FIFPro's World Player of the Year in a poll of 38,000 professional football players in 40 countries. Wayne Rooney won the young player award.
In November 2005 Ronaldinho was named 2005 European Footballer of the Year - the award known as the Ballon D'Or is voted for by European football journalists selected by French magazine France Football.
The 2005/2006 season ended in excellent fashion for Barca and Ronaldinho after they won both La Liga and the Champions League.
Ronaldinho played in the Brazilian World Cup 2006 squad, however Brazil did not shine and went out in the quarter-finals.
In July 2008, AC Milan and Barcelona reached an agreement over the transfer of Ronaldinho.
On 11 May 2010, Ronaldinho was left out of Brazil's World Cup squad of 23.
Friday, December 31, 2010
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
Fifa World Club History
The second competition was penciled in for Spain in 2001, to feature 12 teams. This was cancelled owing to a combination of factors, most importantly the collapse of FIFA's marketing partner ISL. It was then intended to hold the event in 2003, but this also failed to happen. FIFA eventually agreed to terms with the UEFA to merge the two competitions.
The final Intercontinental Cup was in 2004, with the first installment of the relaunched Club World Championship Toyota Cup held in Japan between December 11 and December 18, 2005.
The 2005 relaunched version was shorter than the previous World Championship, reducing the problem of scheduling the tournament around the different club seasons across each continent. It contained just the six reigning continental champions, with the CONMEBOL and UEFA champions receiving byes to the semi-finals of the tournament. A completely new trophy was introduced, replacing all previous cups: the Intercontinental trophy, the Toyota trophy and the trophy won by Corinthians in 2000.
The competition was then renamed as FIFA Club World Cup[ for the 2006 event, which was held annually in Japan until 2008. The United Arab Emirates hosted the event in 2009 and is also hosting it in 2010. For the 2007 FIFA Club World Cup, a play-off match between the OFC champions and the host-nation champions for entry into the quarter-final stage was introduced in order to increase home interest in the tournament. The reintroduction of the match for fifth place for the 2008 competition also prompted an increase in prize money by US$500,000 to a total of US$16.5 million. The winners took away $5 million, second-placed team received $4 million, the third-placed team $2.5 million, the fourth-placed team $2 million, the fifth-placed team $1.5 million, the sixth-placed team $1 million and the seventh-placed team received $500,000.
In February 2008 a FIFA Club World Cup Champions Badge was introduced, featuring an image of the trophy, which the reigning champion is entitled to display on its kit until the final of the next championship. Initially, all four previous champions were allowed to wear the badge until the 2008 final, where Manchester United gained the sole right to wear the badge by winning the trophy.
The teams with the most appearances in the competition are Al-Ahly of Egypt and Pachuca of Mexico who have played in three out of the six tournaments held - 2005, 2006 and 2008 for Al-Ahly and 2007, 2008 and 2010 for Pachuca.
-wikipedia.org-
Uefa Champions League History
 |
| Uefa Champions Lague Cup |
The UEFA Champions League, was previously called the Champion's Cup after the first place trophy. In 1954, English team Wolverhampton made an European tour, playng with almost all the most important clubs in the continent. They got amazing results, beating also the Hungarian Giants of Honved, with Puskas, Hidegkuti, Kocsis. The English press celebrated the Wolves' success writing they were “the best team in the World”, or “the best in Europe”. French journalist Gabriel Hanot did not like this, he stated there were at least three European teams stronger than the English: Real Madrid, Honved and AC Milan. And, just as a French, also Saint Etienne. So, Hanot proposed through the columns of “L'Equipe” a European Championship for clubs.
And competition began in 1955–56 using a two-leg knockout format where the teams would play two matches, one at home and one away, and the team with the highest overall score qualifying for the next round of the competition. Until 1997, entry was restricted to the teams that won their national league championships, plus the current European Cup holder. In the 1992–93 season, the format was changed to include a group stage and the tournament was renamed the UEFA Champions League. There have since been numerous changes to eligibility for the competition, the number of qualifying rounds and the group structure. In 1997–98, eligibility was expanded to include the runners-up from some countries according to UEFA's coefficient ranking list. The qualification system has been restructured so that national champions from lower ranked countries have to take part in one or more qualifying rounds before the group stages, while runners-up from higher ranked countries enter in later rounds. Up to four clubs from the top-ranked countries are currently given entry to the competition.
Between 1960 and 2004, the winner of the tournament qualified for the now defunct Intercontinental Cup against the winner of the Copa Libertadores of South America. Since then, the winner automatically qualifies for the FIFA-organised Club World Cup with other winners of continental club championships.
Sunday, December 26, 2010
FIFA Presidents
FIFA has been served by eight Presidents since its foundation in 1904. From Frenchman Robert Guerin to the current incumbent Joseph S. Blatter via Jules Rimet, the father of the FIFA World Cup™, each President has played his part in the growth and development of the world's favourite game.
Robert Guerin, France - 1904-06
Born 1876, Died 1952
Frenchman Robert Guerin was the dynamic figure behind the founding of FIFA in 1904. A journalist with Le Matin newspaper, Guerin was actively involved in football through his role as secretary of the Football Department of the Union des Societes Françaises de Sports Athletiques. He brought together representatives of the first seven member countries in Paris for the signing of FIFA's foundation act and agreement of the first FIFA statutes. On 22 May 1904, Guerin - then just 28 - was elected president at the inaugural FIFA Congress and remained in his post for two years, during which time another eight associations came on board, including the English Football Association.
Daniel Burley Woolfall, England - 1906-18
Born 1852, Died 1918
An English FA administrator from Blackburn, Daniel Burley Woolfall was elected as President on 4 June 1906. A key aim during his presidency was to achieve uniform football rules on an international level and he played a prominent role in the drafting of FIFA's new constitution. Under Woolfall, the application of the Laws of the Game, established under the English model, became compulsory and a clear definition was made of international matches. Two years after assuming the presidency, he helped organise the first noteworthy international football competition, the 1908 Olympic Games in London. His reign as president brought the arrival of FIFA's first non-European members in South Africa, Argentina, Chile and the United States but was interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War. Woolfall's presidency ended with his death in August 1918.
Jules Rimet, France- 1921-54
Born 1873, Died 1956
(named Honorary FIFA President on 21 June 1954)
When the FIFA World Cup trophy was renamed in honour of Jules Rimet in 1946, it was rightful recognition of the role played by the Frenchman, then celebrating his 25 th anniversary as President, in establishing what fast became the sport's foremost competition. Rimet, inspired by the success of the Olympic Football Tournament, was the driving force behind the FIFA World Cup's inception in 1930. His overriding aim was a rapprochement of nations through sport and the First World War only reinforced his determination. He oversaw the first five tournaments before handing 'his' trophy over for the final time to West Germany captain Fritz Walter in June 1954. That same month, the then 80-year-old ended his long reign - during which FIFA membership grew from 20 to 85 countries - and became the federation's first Honorary President.
Rodolphe William Seeldrayers, Belgium - 1954-55
Born 1876, Died 1955
A lawyer from Brussels, Rodolphe William Seeldrayers was an accomplished sportsman in his youth, winning a Belgian championship with Racing Club Brussels - a club he later served as president. As a sports administrator, he helped found the Belgian Football Association and served on the International Olympic Committee. At FIFA he performed the duties of Vice-President for 27 years prior to succeeding Jules Rimet, his great comrade-in-arms. Seeldrayers was President for the 1954 FIFA World Cup and also oversaw the world governing body's 50 th anniversary celebrations that same year. He died in office on 7 October 1955.
Arthur Drewry, England - 1955-61
Born 1891, Died 1961
Arthur Drewry served as interim head of FIFA for six months following the death of Rodolphe William Seeldrayers and then became President in his own right in June 1956. Together with Stanley Rous, he had keenly supported Jules Rimet's efforts to bring the British associations back into FIFA in 1946 and he also served as president of the Football League and chairman of the Football Association in England. The near five years that Drewry spent as President - from his election in 1956 to his passing aged 70 on 25 March 1961 - included the 1958 FIFA World Cup in Sweden.
Sir Stanley Rous, England - 1961-74
Born 1895, Died 1986
(named Honorary FIFA President on 11 June 1974)
Sir Stanley Rous had already made an impressive contribution to football on and off the field before becoming President of FIFA. As a top-class referee, he took charge of the FA Cup final in England and 36 international matches. Then, having becoming secretary of the English FA in 1934, he helped rewrite the Laws of the Game in 1938 while his patient diplomacy helped pave the way for the British nations rejoining FIFA in 1946. Rous was knighted in 1949 for his contribution to the London Olympics the previous year and to sport in general. He became the third English President of FIFA when he took the reins in September 1961 and during his term of office, the FIFA World Cup became a worldwide television spectacle - particularly with the Mexico 1970 finals, which were the first to be broadcast around the globe in colour. Four years earlier he had been witness to England's FIFA World Cup triumph on home soil.
João Havelange, Brazil - 1974-98
Born 1916
(named Honorary FIFA President on 8 June 1998)
Dr João Havelange's 24 years as FIFA President were a period of significant change which featured, most notably, the expansion of the FIFA World Cup from a 16-team tournament to one twice as large by the time the Brazilian left his post in 1998. An Olympic swimmer and water polo player in his younger days, Havelange's greatest achievement as a football administrator was arguably to ensure increased involvement on the world stage for teams from Asia, Africa, CONCACAF and Oceania, who had had just three FIFA World Cup finalists between them in 1974. FIFA's Zurich headquarters housed just 12 staff members when he took office yet that figure would increase almost tenfold as FIFA's organisational responsibilities and commercial interests grew, not least with a wave of new tournaments introduced, notably the world championships at Under-17 and U20 level in the late 1980s and the FIFA Confederations Cup and FIFA Women's World Cup at the start of the 1990s.
Joseph S. Blatter, Switzerland - 1998-present
Born 1936
Joseph S. Blatter had already served FIFA for 23 years when he was elected President of world football's governing body on 8 June 1998. A former keen amateur footballer, he joined FIFA as Director of Technical Programmes in 1975 where he helped lay the foundations for future under-age and women's competitions. He worked closely under his predecessor, Dr João Havelange, serving as General Secretary for nine years from 1981 and subsequently CEO, and playing a key role in organising five FIFA World Cups from Spain 1982 onwards. The Swiss was also the driving force behind FIFA's ongoing partnership with SOS Children's Villages, which started in 1994, and since his election he has extended the federation's humanitarian remit by forming an alliance with UNICEF. Re-elected for a second term as President on 29 May 2002, Mr Blatter has expanded FIFA's competition portfolio, developing the FIFA Club World Cup as well as introducing world championships for Beach Soccer and Futsal.
-fifa.com-
Born 1876, Died 1952
Frenchman Robert Guerin was the dynamic figure behind the founding of FIFA in 1904. A journalist with Le Matin newspaper, Guerin was actively involved in football through his role as secretary of the Football Department of the Union des Societes Françaises de Sports Athletiques. He brought together representatives of the first seven member countries in Paris for the signing of FIFA's foundation act and agreement of the first FIFA statutes. On 22 May 1904, Guerin - then just 28 - was elected president at the inaugural FIFA Congress and remained in his post for two years, during which time another eight associations came on board, including the English Football Association.
Daniel Burley Woolfall, England - 1906-18
Born 1852, Died 1918
An English FA administrator from Blackburn, Daniel Burley Woolfall was elected as President on 4 June 1906. A key aim during his presidency was to achieve uniform football rules on an international level and he played a prominent role in the drafting of FIFA's new constitution. Under Woolfall, the application of the Laws of the Game, established under the English model, became compulsory and a clear definition was made of international matches. Two years after assuming the presidency, he helped organise the first noteworthy international football competition, the 1908 Olympic Games in London. His reign as president brought the arrival of FIFA's first non-European members in South Africa, Argentina, Chile and the United States but was interrupted by the outbreak of the First World War. Woolfall's presidency ended with his death in August 1918.
Jules Rimet, France- 1921-54Born 1873, Died 1956
(named Honorary FIFA President on 21 June 1954)
When the FIFA World Cup trophy was renamed in honour of Jules Rimet in 1946, it was rightful recognition of the role played by the Frenchman, then celebrating his 25 th anniversary as President, in establishing what fast became the sport's foremost competition. Rimet, inspired by the success of the Olympic Football Tournament, was the driving force behind the FIFA World Cup's inception in 1930. His overriding aim was a rapprochement of nations through sport and the First World War only reinforced his determination. He oversaw the first five tournaments before handing 'his' trophy over for the final time to West Germany captain Fritz Walter in June 1954. That same month, the then 80-year-old ended his long reign - during which FIFA membership grew from 20 to 85 countries - and became the federation's first Honorary President.
Rodolphe William Seeldrayers, Belgium - 1954-55
Born 1876, Died 1955
A lawyer from Brussels, Rodolphe William Seeldrayers was an accomplished sportsman in his youth, winning a Belgian championship with Racing Club Brussels - a club he later served as president. As a sports administrator, he helped found the Belgian Football Association and served on the International Olympic Committee. At FIFA he performed the duties of Vice-President for 27 years prior to succeeding Jules Rimet, his great comrade-in-arms. Seeldrayers was President for the 1954 FIFA World Cup and also oversaw the world governing body's 50 th anniversary celebrations that same year. He died in office on 7 October 1955.
Born 1891, Died 1961
Arthur Drewry served as interim head of FIFA for six months following the death of Rodolphe William Seeldrayers and then became President in his own right in June 1956. Together with Stanley Rous, he had keenly supported Jules Rimet's efforts to bring the British associations back into FIFA in 1946 and he also served as president of the Football League and chairman of the Football Association in England. The near five years that Drewry spent as President - from his election in 1956 to his passing aged 70 on 25 March 1961 - included the 1958 FIFA World Cup in Sweden.
Sir Stanley Rous, England - 1961-74Born 1895, Died 1986
(named Honorary FIFA President on 11 June 1974)
Sir Stanley Rous had already made an impressive contribution to football on and off the field before becoming President of FIFA. As a top-class referee, he took charge of the FA Cup final in England and 36 international matches. Then, having becoming secretary of the English FA in 1934, he helped rewrite the Laws of the Game in 1938 while his patient diplomacy helped pave the way for the British nations rejoining FIFA in 1946. Rous was knighted in 1949 for his contribution to the London Olympics the previous year and to sport in general. He became the third English President of FIFA when he took the reins in September 1961 and during his term of office, the FIFA World Cup became a worldwide television spectacle - particularly with the Mexico 1970 finals, which were the first to be broadcast around the globe in colour. Four years earlier he had been witness to England's FIFA World Cup triumph on home soil.
João Havelange, Brazil - 1974-98
Born 1916
(named Honorary FIFA President on 8 June 1998)
Dr João Havelange's 24 years as FIFA President were a period of significant change which featured, most notably, the expansion of the FIFA World Cup from a 16-team tournament to one twice as large by the time the Brazilian left his post in 1998. An Olympic swimmer and water polo player in his younger days, Havelange's greatest achievement as a football administrator was arguably to ensure increased involvement on the world stage for teams from Asia, Africa, CONCACAF and Oceania, who had had just three FIFA World Cup finalists between them in 1974. FIFA's Zurich headquarters housed just 12 staff members when he took office yet that figure would increase almost tenfold as FIFA's organisational responsibilities and commercial interests grew, not least with a wave of new tournaments introduced, notably the world championships at Under-17 and U20 level in the late 1980s and the FIFA Confederations Cup and FIFA Women's World Cup at the start of the 1990s.
Joseph S. Blatter, Switzerland - 1998-present
Born 1936
Joseph S. Blatter had already served FIFA for 23 years when he was elected President of world football's governing body on 8 June 1998. A former keen amateur footballer, he joined FIFA as Director of Technical Programmes in 1975 where he helped lay the foundations for future under-age and women's competitions. He worked closely under his predecessor, Dr João Havelange, serving as General Secretary for nine years from 1981 and subsequently CEO, and playing a key role in organising five FIFA World Cups from Spain 1982 onwards. The Swiss was also the driving force behind FIFA's ongoing partnership with SOS Children's Villages, which started in 1994, and since his election he has extended the federation's humanitarian remit by forming an alliance with UNICEF. Re-elected for a second term as President on 29 May 2002, Mr Blatter has expanded FIFA's competition portfolio, developing the FIFA Club World Cup as well as introducing world championships for Beach Soccer and Futsal.
-fifa.com-
Value Calculation FIFA rating
1. FIFA ranking compiled by the rating team national football teams
2. FIFA rating based on the total value derived in the last 4 years. FIFA Ranking revised each end of the month. Each end of the month, the value of the national teams rating is calculated again based on his performance during the last 4 years, commencing the end of that month.
3. There is no reduction in the value rating due to lose a fight because it is increasingly frequent national teams perform matches against other national teams, will have hopes of increasing the value rating
4. Diminishing value rating could occur not because of lost play, but because the decline or disappearance of value rating results by the past. The longer the game has been done will be smaller in value rating
5. The formula for calculating the value of the national teams in FIFA's rating is =
(Y x M x I x T x C x 100): 4
* Y = 1 if the game done before 1 year ago
Y = 0.5 when the match was performed 1 year to 2 years ago
Y = 0.3 if the match is done in 2 years to 3 years ago
Y = 0.2 if the game made 3 years to 4 years ago and
Y = 0 when the game made after 4 years ago
* M = 3 if the winning play,
M = 2 if won on penalties,
M = 1 if the draw or lose on penalties and
M = 0 if lost
* I = 1 for a tournament friendly game or small,
I = 2.5 for the world cup or cup qualification continent,
I = 3 for continental trophies and
I = 4 for the World Cup
* T = (200-ranked opponent teams play) divided by 100;
But the minimum value of T = 0.5
* C = depending on the membership of the confederation;
UEFA = 1;
CONMEBOL = 0.99;
CONCACAF = 0.88;
AFC, CAF and OFC = 0.85
Saturday, December 25, 2010
Frederic Kanoute
Friday, December 24, 2010
History of Coppa Italia
The tournament is known for its low attendances, mainly because most teams consider the tournament of low importance and do not field their best line-up, especially after the abolition of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. While some top clubs may average over 50,000 for league games, often these same clubs will attract crowds of around 1,000 for Coppa Italia matches. Many domestic cups elsewhere in Europe attract larger crowds. It is often in the final, where the UEFA Europa League spot is up for grabs, that larger crowds attend the games.
Coincidentally, in five of the last six years, the Coppa Italia final has been contested by the same two teams – Inter and Roma. This includes the 2009–10 Coppa Italia final. The match was held at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 5 May 2010 and ended with Inter winning 1–0. It was Inter's 6th Coppa Italia title, and first since 2006. In this current final streak between the two teams, Inter now has the edge 3–2 having won the final of most recent edition by a single goal to nil. Both missed the final in 2008–09.
Format
The competition is a knockout tournament with pairings for each round made in advance; the draw for the whole competition is made before a ball is kicked. Each tie is played as a single leg, with the exception of the two-legged semi-finals. If a match is drawn, extra time is played. In the event of a draw after 120 minutes, a penalty shoot-out is contested. As well as being presented with the trophy, the winning team also qualifies for the UEFA Europa League (formerly named the UEFA Cup). If the winners have already qualified for the UEFA Champions League via Serie A, the UEFA Europa League place goes to the Coppa Italia runners-up. If they also have qualified for the UEFA Champions League, or are not entitled to play in UEFA competitions for any reason, the place goes to the next highest placed finisher in the league table.
There are a total of 8 rounds in the competition. The competition begins in August with the first round and is contested only by the lowest-ranked clubs – those outside the top two divisions. Clubs playing in Serie B join in in the second round and the twelve lowest-ranked teams in Serie A based on the previous league season's positions (unless they are to compete in European competition that year) begin the competition in the third round before August is over. The remaining eight Serie A teams join the competition in the fourth round in January, at which point sixteen teams remain. The round of 16, the quarter-finals and the first leg of the semi-finals are then played in quick succession after the Fourth Round and the second leg of the semi-final is played a couple of months later; in April before the May-contest final. The rather unusual two-leg final was eliminated two years ago and a single-match final is now played at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome.[1]
-wikipedia.org-
Copa del Rey
The competition was founded in 1902. FC Barcelona have won the cup on the most occasions, with 25 wins.
History
The competition was first played in 1902 after Carlos Padrós, later president of Madrid FC, suggested a football competition to celebrate the coronation of Alfonso XIII. Three other teams joined Real Madrid CF for the first competition: FC Barcelona, RCD Espanyol, and Athletic Bilbao. The competition featured the first recorded game between FC Barcelona and Real Madrid CF, with the latter emerging 2–3 winners. Real Madrid CF eventually defeated Athletic Bilbao in the final.
It has been Spain's football “National Championship″ since 1903[1], before the foundation of the “Campeonato de Liga″—League Championship—in 1928.
It was initially known as the Copa del Ayuntamiento de Madrid (Madrid City Council's Cup). Between 1905 and 1932, it was known as the Copa de Su Majestad El Rey Alfonso XIII (His Majesty King Alfonso XIII's Cup). During the Second Spanish Republic it was known as the Copa del Presidente de la República (President of the Republic Cup) or Copa de España (Spanish Cup) and during the years of the Francisco Franco's dictatorship it was known as the Copa de Su Excelencia El Generalísimo or Copa del Generalísimo ((His Excellency) The Supreme General's Cup).[1] Teams from upper and lower divisions play against each other but the number of clubs allowed to participate is restricted.
The 1902 competition was won by Club Vizcaya, a team made up of players from Athletic Club and Bilbao FC. The 1902 cup is on display in the Athletic museum,[2] and the club includes the victory in its honours list.
Athletic Bilbao were declared winners in 1904 after their opponents Club Español de Madrid failed to show up. In both 1910 and 1913, there was a split among the clubs and two rival associations, the Unión Española de Clubs de Fútbol and the Federación Española de Fútbol, organised rival competitions, the Copa UECF and the Copa FEF. In 1937, during the Spanish Civil War clubs in the Republican area of Spain entered the Copa de la España Libre, with Levante FC beating their city rivals Valencia CF 1–0 in the final. Although in 2007 the Congress of Deputies urged Royal Spanish Football Federation to recognise it as a Copa del Rey win for Levante FC,[3] the governing body of Spanish football has not made a decision yet.[4]
Because of the dispute regarding the 1902 competition the statistics regarding the leading winners are also disputed. FC Barcelona have won the Copa 25 times; Athletic Bilbao are just behind, with either 24 or 23 titles, depending on the source. Throughout the history of the competition there have been 12 actual trophies. Trophies have been permanently awarded to clubs for winning the competition three times in a row and/or on five separate occasions. Thus, four trophies have been permanently awarded to FC Barcelona, three to Athletic Bilbao and one to Real Madrid CF.
Athletic Bilbao kept the first trophy as inaugural winners, Sevilla FC were awarded the Trofeo del Generalísimo in 1939 and Atlético Madrid, winners the previous year, were awarded the 11th trophy following the death of Francisco Franco. The remaining trophy is the one in current usage.
Before the formation of La Liga in 1929, the competition was effectively a national championship. Teams qualified to enter via their regional leagues. Over the years, various formats, including group stages have been used. Unlike the English FA Cup, entry is limited. Only teams from the Primera Division, Segunda A, about twenty-three teams from the Segunda B and the Tercera Division champions (or runners-up if the champion is a reserve team) are invited to enter. The early rounds are one-off games with teams from the lower divisions given home advantage. The round of 32, the round of 16, the quarter finals and semi-finals are played over two legs. The final is a one-off game played at a neutral venue. The winners qualify for both the Supercopa de España and the UEFA Europa League the following season.
Etymology
Real Madrid CF were originally known as Madrid FC and did not add the Real until 1920. During the Spanish Second Republic the club dropped Real from their name. In 1941, a decree issued by General Franco banned the use of non-Spanish language names. FC Barcelona and Sevilla FC became CF Barcelona and Sevilla CF and Athletic Bilbao had to change the spelling of their prefix to Atlético. RCD Espanyol were known as RCD Español until 1995.
-wikipedia.org-
Friday, December 17, 2010
The world champion without crown
 |
| Hungary in 1950's |
The formation that was introduced by them was 4-2-4 formations, that afterwards, gave inspiration for the England's. its adopted the formation, that seldom changed to the legendary 4-4-2 formation, and exhibited the style-fast game or that was more known with KICK N RUSH. as the results of this way of play, the Hungrarian attacked without the feeling of being afraid to be beaten. they almost did not have any opponents that was well-off to beat them
unlost team during 4 years
since may 14 1950 untill july 4 1954, this team had won 43 matches and 7 ties, without losing any of their mathes . an unbreakable record untill now. its include the most memorable match : beaten england on novenber 25 1953 at wembley stadium. unfornatey the magical hungrary never win's any major trophies so far. not only england had got inspiration from hungrary's game, but also all the european teams attack style in modern day. even dutch was influenced by them. play the hungary basic scheme, it then develop into a new way of play. the players can move and having a certain roles, not just their own role in own position. so that the full back could do a superb moves as well as the striker. world recognize it leter on as a TOTAL FOOTBALL. even Brazil, the 1958 world cup champion, is also look after them.
discomfiture tragic
on 1958 The world has predicted that this tournament will become the hungrary's show time. so far, The prediction was truth as the magic magyar advanced through the final. unfornately, things are going upside down, hungary lost 2-3 from west germany. if hungrary succeeded in being the champion at the time, certainly the history will have recorded them as the strongest team ever, the jules rimet trophy winner. it will complete their entertaining way of play with the major tropy. however, hungrary was not lucky during that match. kocsis was dropped in the penalty box without any called for penalty and the puskas's goal that was dissallowed in injurytime as he was caught offside. many pundits suspected the referee's leadership of being more siding in west germany. otherwise, Hungrary is known not only through their victory record, but also because of their entertaining way of play. FIFA also recorded that hungrary gained the highest elo rating in their period of victory, 2,173 points in June 1954. this also become the other milestone achievement for hungary.
Although did not win in any event, the style of their game has gave inspiration for most of the teams in modern day now. Magical Magyarswill always be the greatest team that had been born in the world.
this is the names of the Magical Magyars:
goalkeeper : GrosicDefender : Zakarias,Lantos,Buzanszky,LorantMildfielder : Nandor Hideguti,Joszef Bozsikwingser : Czibor,Bodai striker : Ferenc Puskas,Sandor Kocsiscoach : Gustav Sebes
 |
| Hungary |
Thursday, December 16, 2010
Juventus
Juventus Football Club also known as Juventus Turin (or Juventus Torino), Juventus, or simply Juve, is a football club from Turin, Italy.
The club is currently playing in the Italian Serie B , for its first time after having spent its whole history in the top Italian league Serie A. Juventus is the most successful team in the history of Italian football. Overall, Juventus has won 51 official trophies, more than any other Italian team; 40 in its country (also a record), and 11 in European and the world competitions (see Honours). Juventus is the third club from Europe and fifth in the world with the most international titles recognized by the Union of European Football Associations and the International Federation of Association Football.
In 1985, Juventus became the first club in the history of the European football to have won all three Major European trophies and also, the only team in the world to have won all international cups and championships (which includes all official European tournaments and the Intercontinental Champions Clubs' Cup ). Juventus is also one of the G-14’s founding members, a group that represents eighteen of the largest and most prestigious European football clubs.
History
The club was founded on November 1, 1897 by a group of youngsters from the grammar school of Massimo D'Azeglio Lyceum in Turin. The people who decided to form the club were all between the ages of fourteen and seventeen, they came up with the idea of forming a club while sitting on a bench in Corso Re Umberto park.
Very little early documentation exists of the foundation, as during this early period in Italian football newspapers did not devote much space to the sport. One of the founding members; Enrico Canfari later wrote a document (in 1914) describing the birth of the club. The young founders heatedly discussed what to name the club; after a round of voting, the name was narrowed down to three choices, Società Via Fori, Società Sportiva Massimo D' Azeglio and Sport Club Juventus, they chose the latter. The men who were involved in the founding of Juventus were: -Gioacchino Armano
-Alfredo Armano
-Enrico Canfari
-Eugenio Canfari
-Francesco DaprÃ
-Domenico Donna
-Carlo Ferrero
-Luigi Forlano
-Luigi Gibezzi
-Umberto Malvano
-Enrico Piero Molinatti
-Umberto Savoia
-Vittorio Varetti
The first ever president was Eugenio Canfari (brother of Enrico), they played very early on at Piazza D'Armi in Crocetta, Turin. Juventus changed their name to Football Club Juventus in 1899 the first ever colours of the club were pink and black, known in Italy as rosanero.
Juventus enter the Italian Championship
Juventus eventually made their debut in the Italian Football Championship during the 1900 season, wearing their original pink shirts. The first ever game competed by the club in the championship, was on 11 May 1900 where they lost to F.C. Torinese 1-0 at Piazza D'Armi. In their second ever season, Juventus fared better when they reached the semi-finals of the league by beating locals Ginnastica Torino 5-0, before losing to Milan Cricket 2-3.
The club decided to find a new kit in 1903, they asked an English player at the club; John Savage if he could help, Savage had a friend in Nottingham who supported Notts County and sent to Turin the world famous black and white striped shirts which they have used ever since[12]. Around this period they also moved playing field to Velodromo Umberto I. For two seasons in a row, Juventus narrowly ended as runners-up to Genoa Cricket & Football Club, before beating them out for their first ever championship title victory in 1905.
Juventus had built up a strong squad, but soon after securing their first championship, president Alfredo Dick left the club after a large argument, taking with him several prominent players. Some of the staff at Juventus were considering moving the club out of Turin,[13] so Dick left to form Foot-Ball Club Torino, also taking with him the lease for Velodromo Umberto I. The first ever Turin derby between the two clubs was played the next season on 13 January 1907 and has been an intense rivalry ever since.
From this period until the First World War, Italian football was dominated largely by other clubs, such as fellow Piedmont clubs Pro Vercelli and Casale. The Juventus squad was steadily re-built after the war under the presidency of Corradino Corradini, and several players were called up to the Italian national team for the first time. Around this period goalkeeper Giampiero Combi debuted, he would go on to become a club hero.
The Agnelli era begins
Edoardo Agnelli of the Agnelli family, owners of the Fiat company gained control of the club in 1923. They had a private stadium in Villar Perosa (south-west of Turin) built and a complete set of facilities and services. This proved a good move for the club, as Juventus won their second Italian Championship during the 1925-26 season; they beat Alba Roma in the final with an aggregate score of 12-1, Antonio Vojak's goals were essential that season.
From the 1930-31 through the 1934-35 season, Juventus collected a record of five consecutive Italian league championships under coach Carlo Carcano; the squad included the likes of Raimundo Orsi, Luigi Bertolini, Giovanni Ferrari and Luis Monti amongst others. Notably, the club reached the semi-finals of the Mitropa Cup before going out to Russian side Slavia Prague.
During 1933, Juventus moved to what is considered their first major home; Stadio Mussolini, it was built in 1933 for the 1934 FIFA World Cup, holding a capacity of 65,000. It was originally named after Benito Mussolini who was Prime Minister of Italy at the time. Edoardo Agnelli died on 14 July 1935, this affected the club's league performance in a large manner as some of the most prominent players left soon after his death.
Although the club were unable to re-capture their form for the rest of the 1930s, they did finish as runners-up to Ambrosiana-Inter in the 1937-38 season. After-World War II the club's ground was re-named, Stadio Comunale and Edoardo's son Gianni Agnelli was put in place as honorary president; the club added two more scudetto championship's to their name in the 1949-50 and 1951-52 seasons, the latter of which was under the management of Englishman Jesse Carver. This kind of form would be a sign of things to come in the future.
After a dry spell, Juventus signed Welshman John Charles and Italo-Argentine Omar Sivori in 1957 to play alongside Giampiero Boniperti (who had been with the club since 1946). This system was very successful for Juventus and they won Serie A in 1957-58 and 1959-60 with Fiorentina finishing second on both ocassions, the latter of which was Juventus' first ever double, as they also won the Coppa Italia that season. This record breaking squad became the first Italian clubs to win ten championships in 1961, in recognition of this the club were awarded a little golden star to wear on their shirt. Notably, Omar Sivori became the first Juventus player to win the European Footballer of the Year that year too.
When Boniperti retired in 1961, he retired as the all-time top scorer at the club, with 182 goals in all competitions; a club record which would last for 45 years. The last Juventus championship victory came with Heriberto Herrera as coach in 1966-67, a notable players of this time was the reliable defender Sandro Salvadore.
European success
Juventus further solidified themselves as a tower of strength in Italian football during the 1970s by winning the scudetto in 1971-72, 1972-73, 1974-75 and 1976-77. Coached in the early part of the decade by ČestmÃr Vycpálek, a Czech who had once played with Juventus (and Palermo), the Old Lady built up a strong squad of players to push them forward, with Roberto Bettega, Fabio Capello, and Brazilian José Altafini who would become the joint-third highest scorer in Serie A history.
Franco Causio also became a very popular player at the club during the 1970s, in fact he was so popular that the club allowed him to wear his hair long, prior to Causio this was against the rules. The club also provided the team with official formal wear (made by famous tailors) and forced them to complete their educational studies. Most of its players remained with Juventus until the end of their careers; many were given jobs with the club or for Fiat (and related companies) after playing retirement.
Although Juventus were successful in Italy, European success eluded them until they won the UEFA Cup 1976-77, this was achieved against Spanish oposition in the form of Athletic Bilbao with goals from Marco Tardelli and Bettega. The UEFA Cup was won under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who continued on with Juventus through the 1980s, breaking club longevity records.
Under Trapattoni, Juventus dominated the early part of the 1980s in Serie A, the club won the league in 1980-81, 1981-82 and 1983-84. The second title of which allowed the club to add another golden star above their crest (the only club to achieve this), marking 20 scudetto titles. The club's players were also achiving a lot of notability in the wider scheme of football, Paolo Rossi who had led Italy to victory in the 1982 FIFA World Cup was awarded the European Footballer of the Year in 1982. Juve's French midfielder, Michel Platini was awarded the same title for three years in a row; 1983, 1984 and 1985, a record. Juventus is the only club to have players from their club winning the award in four consecutive years.
The height of European success was not reached until the mid-80s, when Juventus won the 1985 European Cup by beating Liverpool 1-0, with a penalty scored by Platini. However, what should have been the greatest day in the club's history was marred by a tragedy which would change European football; the Heysel Stadium disaster, in which 39 people (mostly Juventus fans) were killed by the stadium collapsing, it has been named "the darkest hour in the history of the UEFA competitions.".
With the exception of winning the closely contested Italian Championship of 1985-86 over Roma and Napoli, the rest of the 1980s were not very successful for the club. As well as having to content with Diego Maradona's Napoli, both of the Milanese clubs Milan and Inter were picking up Italian championships. In 1990, Juventus moved into their new home; Stadio delle Alpi, this was built for the 1990 World Cup and also because Juventus' old ground which they shared with Torino, Stadio Comunale was been reduced in size.
The Lippi era
Marcello Lippi took over as Juventus manager in 1994. During his first season, Juventus recorded their first Serie A championship since the mid-1980s. Around this time the squad featured the likes of Ciro Ferrara, Roberto Baggio, Gianluca Vialli and a young Alessandro Del Piero, who would become heir to Baggio's throne.
Juventus followed up their home success by winning the Champions League for the second time in their history in 1996, the game went down to a penalty shootout against reigning champions Ajax Amsterdam; Vladimir Jugović scored the deciding penalty kick. During the following years a second wave of what are considered Lippi-era legends joined; Zinedine Zidane, Filippo Inzaghi, Edgar Davids and briefly Thierry Henry. Since the Champions League victory, they won their home league twice more and the European Super Cup. Between 1996 and 1998, they appeared in all three Champions League finals, losing to Borussia Dortmund in 1997 and Real Madrid in 1998.
During 1998, former A.S. Roma manager Zdeněk Zeman accused Juventus physicians of doping their players from the 1993-94 to 1997-98 seasons. After several years of official inquiries and 2 trials by UEFA and FIGC, Juventus were cleared of all charges by the international Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) in Lausanne, Switzerland. Neither the pharmaceutical substances that were in question were banned nor did any Juventus players have positive test results for any illegal doping substances.[15] The substances in question were principally creatine - which is considered a legal athletic supplement and has never been prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency - and Erythropoietin, legal in sports medicine and used frequently among cyclists, but prohibited by WADA at the start of the 2000-01 season).
Lippi left Juventus for rivals Internazionale Milano F.C. briefly. He returned to Juve after one season, and signed the third and final wave of Lippi-era players; Gianluigi Buffon, David Trézéguet, Marcelo Salas, Pavel Nedvěd and Lilian Thuram amongst others. He led the team to two more Serie A titles in the 2001-02 and 2002-03 seasons. Juventus appeared in an all Italian Champions League final, against rivals A.C. Milan; the game ended in a goalless draw, 0-0, and so again had to be decided in a penalty shootout, but this time Juventus lost. Lippi left the following year as he was appointed by the Italian national team as head coach, he would go on to win the 2006 FIFA World Cup with them two years later.
The "Calciopoli" scandal
Since 2004, Fabio Capello had taken over the club, and lead them to two more Serie A titles. But during May 2006, Juventus were one of four clubs (along with AC Milan, Fiorentina, and Lazio) linked to a Serie A match fixing scandal. At the center of the acusations was Juventus general manager Luciano Moggi, who was acused of influencing referees and even the false imprisonment of one; no players were accused of any wrong-doing. Moggi along with two other members of the board resigned on May 13. The clubs involved were ordered to stand trial, around this time Gianluca Pessotto almost lost his life when he fell from a 4th story window, the media suggested that it could have been a suicide attempt because of the stress of trial.
Manager Capello, left for Real Madrid before the verdict had been handed out. IFF prosecutor, Stefano Palazzi, called the four clubs to be thrown out of Serie A and that Juventus have their last two title's stripped. The sentences saw Juventus stripped of two titles, and relegated to Serie B for the first time in their history. The club was also docked points for the 2006-2007 season, which was eventually reduced after an appeal. Numerous players left the club, including European Footballer of the Year and 2006 World Cup winning captain, Fabio Cannavaro, two players were also sold to rivals Inter for €34.3 million. However, some highly rated players remained loyal; Gianluigi Buffon, captain Alessandro Del Piero, Pavel Nedvěd, Mauro Camoranesi and David Trézéguet.
 |
| Alessandro Del Piero |
source: wikipedia.org
GNU Free Documentation License
unique habit of kaka
Kaka has also been sewing on the phrase "God is Faithful" at the shoe tongue. Then, in celebration of Brazil 4-1 victory over Argentina in the Confederations Cup final, 2005, he and several colleagues wore clothes that read "Jesus Loves You" in different languages.
Related devout Brazilian players, there is a version which reported that most of the Samba team players make similar slogans behind their jersey when winning the 2002 World Cup. But the most famous is Kaka later with "I Belong to Jesus"it. He showed it after Brazil beat Germany in the final, although throughout the tournament was only played 25 minutes, and did not appear at the top of the party.
Ronaldinho
Ronaldinho de Assis Moreira was born on 21st March, 1980 in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
He helped Brazil win the World under-17 Championship in Egypt. During the competition he was scouted by local club Gremio and signed his first professional contract.
In 1999, after hitting 15 goals in 14 games for Gremio, Ronaldinho won his first senior cap for Brazil against Latvia. After shining in that match he made Brazil's Copa America squad and scored an incredible goal against Venezuela as Brazil won the trophy.
Ronaldinho scored his first hat-trick for Brazil against Saudi Arabia in the Confederations Cup semi-finals later that year.
In 2001 he left Gremio for Paris St. Germain (PSG) but was unable to make his debut because of contract rows, until 3 months later when FIFA stepped in.
In 2002 Ronaldinho was voted France's player of the month for January after hitting 6 goals in 7 games for PSG.
In June of that year he scored the famous free-kick against David Seaman in Brazil's World Cup Quarter Finals match against England (but was it a cross?), however later in that match he got a red card. After being suspended in the semis Ronaldinho won the World Cup with Brazil, playing in the final against Germany.
In the 2003 summer transfer market he rejected Manchester United to join Spanish side Barcelona for £21m.
After playing well for Barca Ronaldinho was named as one of the 11 greatest living footballers, announced by FIFA and chosen by Brazil legend Pele.
Then, Ronaldinho scored 15 league goals to inspire an improved Barcelona to 2nd place in La Liga. Soon after he suffered the first major injury of his career and missed Brazil's Copa America campaign.
Ronaldinho pleased Barcelona fans by turning down Chelsea and agreeing a new contract. In December he was named best player in the world for 2004 by FIFA beating Shevchenko and Henry to first place.
Six months later Ronaldinho helped Barcelona to win La Liga 2005 easily outdoing rivals Real Madrid.
In September 2005 Ronaldinho added to his bulging trophy cabinet when he won the FIFPro's World Player of the Year in a poll of 38,000 professional football players in 40 countries. Wayne Rooney won the young player award.
In November 2005 Ronaldinho was named 2005 European Footballer of the Year - the award known as the Ballon D'Or is voted for by European football journalists selected by French magazine France Football.
The 2005/2006 season ended in excellent fashion for Barca and Ronaldinho after they won both La Liga and the Champions League.
Ronaldinho played in the Brazilian World Cup 2006 squad, however Brazil did not shine and went out in the quarter-finals.
In July 2008, AC Milan and Barcelona reached an agreement over the transfer of Ronaldinho.
On 11 May 2010, Ronaldinho was left out of Brazil's World Cup squad of 23.
In 1999, after hitting 15 goals in 14 games for Gremio, Ronaldinho won his first senior cap for Brazil against Latvia. After shining in that match he made Brazil's Copa America squad and scored an incredible goal against Venezuela as Brazil won the trophy.
Ronaldinho scored his first hat-trick for Brazil against Saudi Arabia in the Confederations Cup semi-finals later that year.
In 2001 he left Gremio for Paris St. Germain (PSG) but was unable to make his debut because of contract rows, until 3 months later when FIFA stepped in.
In 2002 Ronaldinho was voted France's player of the month for January after hitting 6 goals in 7 games for PSG.
In June of that year he scored the famous free-kick against David Seaman in Brazil's World Cup Quarter Finals match against England (but was it a cross?), however later in that match he got a red card. After being suspended in the semis Ronaldinho won the World Cup with Brazil, playing in the final against Germany.
In the 2003 summer transfer market he rejected Manchester United to join Spanish side Barcelona for £21m.
After playing well for Barca Ronaldinho was named as one of the 11 greatest living footballers, announced by FIFA and chosen by Brazil legend Pele.
Then, Ronaldinho scored 15 league goals to inspire an improved Barcelona to 2nd place in La Liga. Soon after he suffered the first major injury of his career and missed Brazil's Copa America campaign.
Ronaldinho pleased Barcelona fans by turning down Chelsea and agreeing a new contract. In December he was named best player in the world for 2004 by FIFA beating Shevchenko and Henry to first place.
Six months later Ronaldinho helped Barcelona to win La Liga 2005 easily outdoing rivals Real Madrid.
In September 2005 Ronaldinho added to his bulging trophy cabinet when he won the FIFPro's World Player of the Year in a poll of 38,000 professional football players in 40 countries. Wayne Rooney won the young player award.
In November 2005 Ronaldinho was named 2005 European Footballer of the Year - the award known as the Ballon D'Or is voted for by European football journalists selected by French magazine France Football.
The 2005/2006 season ended in excellent fashion for Barca and Ronaldinho after they won both La Liga and the Champions League.
Ronaldinho played in the Brazilian World Cup 2006 squad, however Brazil did not shine and went out in the quarter-finals.
In July 2008, AC Milan and Barcelona reached an agreement over the transfer of Ronaldinho.
On 11 May 2010, Ronaldinho was left out of Brazil's World Cup squad of 23.
History of FA
Football as we know it dates back to 1863, when the chief clubs and schools playing their own versions of the game met to form “The Football Association”.
There had been rules in the past. Too many and often conflicting - that was the problem. With its origins in mob football, an often violent game played on holy days in English towns and villages in which an anything-goes philosophy was adopted to get the ball to designated ends, differences early on centred on the amount of handling and hacking involved.
From the early 19th Century, matches were first played on the pitches, playgrounds and cloisters of England’s public schools, but Eton’s way of playing would differ to Harrow’s, theirs to Winchester’s, to Charterhouse’s and so on to the ultimate extreme at Rugby. Frustrated, undergraduates at Cambridge tried to unify the rules in the mid-to-late 1840s and those rules would largely be accepted on the evening of 26 October 1863. At London’s Freemason’s Tavern representatives from 12 clubs and schools from the London area met to bang out a code for the game.
One school, Blackheath, refused to accept the non-inclusion of hacking (kicking below the knee) and walked out but the eleven others agreed to form The Football Association. Under the charge of Ebenezer Cobb Morley, 14 Laws were penned to a game that would in the following century break its little England origins to become the most played, watched and talked about activity on the planet.
The aim was to frame a set of official rules under which they could all play. The FA Cup, international football, professionalism and league competition followed. From there, football has spread irresistibly all over the world.
Despite the unification of the rules and the creation of The Football Association in 1863, disputes, largely involving Sheffield clubs who had announced their own set of ideas in 1857, persisted into the late 1870s. However, the creation of the International Football Association Board finally put an end to all arguments. Saturday holidays, the banning of blood sports, the sprouting railway system and a growing working class, both moneyed and passionate about the game, all contributed to the rise in football’s popularity.
It meant a body to protect and preserve the rules had become a necessity. Made up of two representatives from each of the four associations of the United Kingdom (the FAs of Wales and Ireland had been founded in 1876 and 1880 respectively), the IFAB met for the first time on 2 June 1886 to guard the Laws of the Game. Then, as today, a three-quarters majority was needed for a proposal to be passed.
The FA's influence increased significantly after a “Challenge Cup” was established in 1871. Within a decade the original membership of 12 clubs had increased to 128. Wanderers, a team formed by ex-public school and university players, won the first “Cup Final” 1-0 against Royal Engineers at Kennington Oval. From 1923 to 2000 the match was played at Wembley and The FA Cup has become established as one of England’s great sporting institutions. Its history and tradition, and especially the pageantry of The Final, is familiar to millions at home and abroad.
The first international matches were those played between England and Scotland in the 1870s. The series owed its beginning to the enterprise of Charles Alcock, Honorary Secretary of The FA, who advertised in a sporting newspaper that a match would be played between “the leading representatives of the Scotch and English sections”. A crowd of 4,000 watched the first official international in Glasgow in 1872. It was not until 1908, when an England side toured central Europe, that matches were played against countries outside Britain.
The FA rejoined FIFA, the world football authority, after the Second World War and an England team competed for the World Cup for the first time in Brazil in 1950. It was Bobby Charlton (later Sir Bobby) who played a crucial role in England’s re-emergence as a world power in the 1960s, playing with team-mates of the calibre of Banks, Moore and Peters. Ably managed by Alf (later Sir Alf) Ramsey, England won the World Cup in 1966. Since that great day at Wembley, there have been two appearances in European Championship semi-finals (1968 and 1996) and one in a World Cup semi-final (1990).
The Football Association has been a Limited Company since 1903 and, as such, holds an AGM, at which amendments to its rules are agreed by shareholders. It has built on its reputation as the world’s senior football administration, adding greatly to its activities over the years. It remains English football’s governing body, promoting and protecting the game, and it values the input of leagues and associations up and down the country - because their enthusiasm and professionalism ensure that football will continue to thrive.
In August 2009, The FA's headquarters moved from Soho Square to Wembley Stadium.
-TheFA.com-
There had been rules in the past. Too many and often conflicting - that was the problem. With its origins in mob football, an often violent game played on holy days in English towns and villages in which an anything-goes philosophy was adopted to get the ball to designated ends, differences early on centred on the amount of handling and hacking involved.
From the early 19th Century, matches were first played on the pitches, playgrounds and cloisters of England’s public schools, but Eton’s way of playing would differ to Harrow’s, theirs to Winchester’s, to Charterhouse’s and so on to the ultimate extreme at Rugby. Frustrated, undergraduates at Cambridge tried to unify the rules in the mid-to-late 1840s and those rules would largely be accepted on the evening of 26 October 1863. At London’s Freemason’s Tavern representatives from 12 clubs and schools from the London area met to bang out a code for the game.
One school, Blackheath, refused to accept the non-inclusion of hacking (kicking below the knee) and walked out but the eleven others agreed to form The Football Association. Under the charge of Ebenezer Cobb Morley, 14 Laws were penned to a game that would in the following century break its little England origins to become the most played, watched and talked about activity on the planet.
The aim was to frame a set of official rules under which they could all play. The FA Cup, international football, professionalism and league competition followed. From there, football has spread irresistibly all over the world.
Despite the unification of the rules and the creation of The Football Association in 1863, disputes, largely involving Sheffield clubs who had announced their own set of ideas in 1857, persisted into the late 1870s. However, the creation of the International Football Association Board finally put an end to all arguments. Saturday holidays, the banning of blood sports, the sprouting railway system and a growing working class, both moneyed and passionate about the game, all contributed to the rise in football’s popularity.
It meant a body to protect and preserve the rules had become a necessity. Made up of two representatives from each of the four associations of the United Kingdom (the FAs of Wales and Ireland had been founded in 1876 and 1880 respectively), the IFAB met for the first time on 2 June 1886 to guard the Laws of the Game. Then, as today, a three-quarters majority was needed for a proposal to be passed.
The FA's influence increased significantly after a “Challenge Cup” was established in 1871. Within a decade the original membership of 12 clubs had increased to 128. Wanderers, a team formed by ex-public school and university players, won the first “Cup Final” 1-0 against Royal Engineers at Kennington Oval. From 1923 to 2000 the match was played at Wembley and The FA Cup has become established as one of England’s great sporting institutions. Its history and tradition, and especially the pageantry of The Final, is familiar to millions at home and abroad.
The first international matches were those played between England and Scotland in the 1870s. The series owed its beginning to the enterprise of Charles Alcock, Honorary Secretary of The FA, who advertised in a sporting newspaper that a match would be played between “the leading representatives of the Scotch and English sections”. A crowd of 4,000 watched the first official international in Glasgow in 1872. It was not until 1908, when an England side toured central Europe, that matches were played against countries outside Britain.
The FA rejoined FIFA, the world football authority, after the Second World War and an England team competed for the World Cup for the first time in Brazil in 1950. It was Bobby Charlton (later Sir Bobby) who played a crucial role in England’s re-emergence as a world power in the 1960s, playing with team-mates of the calibre of Banks, Moore and Peters. Ably managed by Alf (later Sir Alf) Ramsey, England won the World Cup in 1966. Since that great day at Wembley, there have been two appearances in European Championship semi-finals (1968 and 1996) and one in a World Cup semi-final (1990).
The Football Association has been a Limited Company since 1903 and, as such, holds an AGM, at which amendments to its rules are agreed by shareholders. It has built on its reputation as the world’s senior football administration, adding greatly to its activities over the years. It remains English football’s governing body, promoting and protecting the game, and it values the input of leagues and associations up and down the country - because their enthusiasm and professionalism ensure that football will continue to thrive.
In August 2009, The FA's headquarters moved from Soho Square to Wembley Stadium.
Hstory of FIFA
History of FIFA - Foundation
The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded in the rear of the headquarters of the Union Française de Sports Athlétiques at the Rue Saint Honoré 229 in Paris on 21 May 1904. The foundation act was signed by the authorised representatives of the following associations:
* France - Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA)
* Belgium - Union Belge des Sociétés de Sports (UBSSA)
* Denmark - Dansk Boldspil Union (DBU)
* Netherlands - Nederlandsche Voetbal Bond (NVB)
* Spain - Madrid Football Club
* Sweden - Svenska Bollspells Förbundet (SBF)
* Switzerland - Association Suisse de Football (ASF)
Present at that historic meeting were: Robert Guérin and André Espir (France); Louis Muhlinghaus and Max Kahn (Belgium); Ludvig Sylow (Denmark); Carl Anton Wilhelm Hirschman (Netherlands); Victor E Schneider (Switzerland). Sylow also represented the SBF while Spir performed the same function for the Madrid Football Club.
When the idea of founding an international football federation began taking shape in Europe, the intention of those involved was to recognise the role of the English who had founded their Football Association back in 1863. Hirschman, secretary of the Netherlands Football Association, turned to the Football Association. Its secretary, FJ Wall, did accept the proposal but progress stalled while waiting for the Executive Committee of the Football Association, the International FA Board and the associations of Scotland, Wales and Ireland to give their opinion about the matter.
Guérin, secretary of the football department of the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques and a journalist with Le Matin newspaper, did not want to wait any longer. He contacted the national associations on the continent in writing and asked them to consider the possibility of founding an umbrella organisation.
When Belgium and France met in the first official international match in Brussels on 1 May 1904, Guérin discussed the subject with his Belgian counterpart Louis Muhlinghaus. It was now definite that the English FA, under its president Lord Kinnaird, would not be participating in the foundation of an international federation. So Guérin took the opportunity and sent out invitations to the founding assembly. The process of organising the international game had begun.
The first FIFA Statutes were laid down and the following points determined: the reciprocal and exclusive recognition of the national associations represented and attending; clubs and players were forbidden to play simultaneously for different national associations; recognition by the other associations of a player's suspension announced by an association; and the playing of matches according to the Laws of the Game of the Football Association Ltd.
Each national association had to pay an annual fee of FF50. Already then there were thoughts of staging an international competition and Article 9 stipulated that FIFA alone was entitled to take over the organisation of such an event. It was decided that these regulations would only come into force as of 1 September 1904. Moreover, the first Statutes of FIFA were only of a provisional nature, in order to simplify the acceptance of additional members. On the day of foundation, the Deutscher Fussball-Bund (German FA) sent a telegram confirming that it would adhere to these Statutes in principle.
-fifa.com-
The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded in the rear of the headquarters of the Union Française de Sports Athlétiques at the Rue Saint Honoré 229 in Paris on 21 May 1904. The foundation act was signed by the authorised representatives of the following associations:
* France - Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA)
* Belgium - Union Belge des Sociétés de Sports (UBSSA)
* Denmark - Dansk Boldspil Union (DBU)
* Netherlands - Nederlandsche Voetbal Bond (NVB)
* Spain - Madrid Football Club
* Sweden - Svenska Bollspells Förbundet (SBF)
* Switzerland - Association Suisse de Football (ASF)
Present at that historic meeting were: Robert Guérin and André Espir (France); Louis Muhlinghaus and Max Kahn (Belgium); Ludvig Sylow (Denmark); Carl Anton Wilhelm Hirschman (Netherlands); Victor E Schneider (Switzerland). Sylow also represented the SBF while Spir performed the same function for the Madrid Football Club.
When the idea of founding an international football federation began taking shape in Europe, the intention of those involved was to recognise the role of the English who had founded their Football Association back in 1863. Hirschman, secretary of the Netherlands Football Association, turned to the Football Association. Its secretary, FJ Wall, did accept the proposal but progress stalled while waiting for the Executive Committee of the Football Association, the International FA Board and the associations of Scotland, Wales and Ireland to give their opinion about the matter.
Guérin, secretary of the football department of the Union des Sociétés Françaises de Sports Athlétiques and a journalist with Le Matin newspaper, did not want to wait any longer. He contacted the national associations on the continent in writing and asked them to consider the possibility of founding an umbrella organisation.
When Belgium and France met in the first official international match in Brussels on 1 May 1904, Guérin discussed the subject with his Belgian counterpart Louis Muhlinghaus. It was now definite that the English FA, under its president Lord Kinnaird, would not be participating in the foundation of an international federation. So Guérin took the opportunity and sent out invitations to the founding assembly. The process of organising the international game had begun.
The first FIFA Statutes were laid down and the following points determined: the reciprocal and exclusive recognition of the national associations represented and attending; clubs and players were forbidden to play simultaneously for different national associations; recognition by the other associations of a player's suspension announced by an association; and the playing of matches according to the Laws of the Game of the Football Association Ltd.
Each national association had to pay an annual fee of FF50. Already then there were thoughts of staging an international competition and Article 9 stipulated that FIFA alone was entitled to take over the organisation of such an event. It was decided that these regulations would only come into force as of 1 September 1904. Moreover, the first Statutes of FIFA were only of a provisional nature, in order to simplify the acceptance of additional members. On the day of foundation, the Deutscher Fussball-Bund (German FA) sent a telegram confirming that it would adhere to these Statutes in principle.
-fifa.com-
The football rules history
Soccer game that has indeed crossed the tens of centuries had been developed, including the rules used in the game. World history has recorded a series of important events related to this rule, as follows:
* 1815 Eton Collage making raw rules rugby football.
* 1848 Born Cambridge regulatory rules, as favored by many colleges in the UK. So eventually became rules football
* Eleven 1863 London football club held a meeting at the Freemason's Travern to formulate basic rules football game. It was formed Football Association (FA).
* 1868 FA rules ban raises to touch the ball with his hand. With these rules then a separate football with rugby.
* 1888 William McGreror (Aston Villa director) managed to get 12 clubs agreed to corral the party rules - away. English League officially rolling on 8 September 1888
* 1904 Establishment of Federation International Football Association (FIFA)
* 1930 First implementation of the World Cup in Uruguay on July 13 to 30, and the result was the host to be champion after defeating Argentina 4-2.
* 1956 Champions Cup was first held in France.
So a bit about the history of football rules the world.
* 1815 Eton Collage making raw rules rugby football.
* 1848 Born Cambridge regulatory rules, as favored by many colleges in the UK. So eventually became rules football
* Eleven 1863 London football club held a meeting at the Freemason's Travern to formulate basic rules football game. It was formed Football Association (FA).
* 1868 FA rules ban raises to touch the ball with his hand. With these rules then a separate football with rugby.
* 1888 William McGreror (Aston Villa director) managed to get 12 clubs agreed to corral the party rules - away. English League officially rolling on 8 September 1888
* 1904 Establishment of Federation International Football Association (FIFA)
* 1930 First implementation of the World Cup in Uruguay on July 13 to 30, and the result was the host to be champion after defeating Argentina 4-2.
* 1956 Champions Cup was first held in France.
So a bit about the history of football rules the world.
Edwin van der sar unique Habits
Van der Sar clad in blue shirts in the last two Premier League Manchester United. At that time they were beaten 1-4 by Liverpool and 0-2 defeat of Fulham.
Recorded by The Sun, quoting the results of the research contributors MU fan magazine, Red News, stated that Van der Sar sduah wear yellow in 17 league matches this season.
Of this amount, Manchester United conceded only four times. They won 12 times, lost once and drew four times, with scooped 40 points from a maximum of 51.
Results were inversely when Van der Sar was wearing blue. In 10 games, Manchester United have conceded 13 goals, with six victories, three defeats and a draw. They just earn a maximum 19 points from 30.
Yellow seems to also be a color like doping to other MU goalkeeper, Ben Foster. He was the hero of Manchester United in a penalty shoot-round opponent Tottenham Hotspur in the Carling Cup final this season.
But there is also a famous football player who shows the religious symbols of faith into the middle of the field. Kaka is only one of many famous footballers religious, Who other, and how they show it?
Monday, December 13, 2010
Ruud Gullit
Name : Ruud Gullit
Date of birth : September 1, 1962
Place of birth: Amsterdam
Gullit was born as Rudd Dil in Amsterdam, and his career started with Haarlem before moving to Feyenoord and then PSV Eindhoven. He was taken to Italy by Silvio Berlusconi, who paid the then record fee of �6 million for him. Playing for the great A.C. Milan team of the late 1980s, which starred, among others, fellow countrymen Marco van Basten and Frank Rijkaard, Italian world class players Paolo Maldini and Franco Baresi, he helped Milan capture three Serie A titles and two European Cups (1989, 1990) during Milan's amazing five year reign from 1988-1992. He was well known for his heading and jumping ability, among his other creative talents as an outstanding offensive midfielder. Widely agreed to be one of the best and most creative players from the Netherlands, he was also one of the core group of players that led the Netherlands to the Euro 88 title, to date, the
only international title the Netherlands has achieved.
In July 1995 he signed for Chelsea on a free transfer. Initially played as sweeper by manager Glenn Hoddle, with limited success, Gullit was moved to his more familiar role in midfield, where he scored six goals. In the summer of 1996, Hoddle left to become manager of the England national team and Gullit was appointed player-manager.
He made a promising start to his managerial career. In his first season as player-manager, Gullit guided Chelsea to an FA Cup win in 1997, the club's first major trophy for 26 years and in doing so became the first overseas manager to win that trophy. He also guided the team to a credible sixth place finish in the Premiership in the same year. The following season appeared to be going well, with Chelsea second in the Premiership and in the quarter-finals of two cup competitions, when he was sacked, allegedly after a disagreement with the club's board over pay.
He was appointed manager of Newcastle United in 1998 where success was initially promised, with an FA Cup Final appearance in his first season. The following season, however, results and fans began to turn against him, and a well-publicised contretemps with star striker and local hero Alan Shearer did his survival prospects no favours. He also fell out with Newcastle captain Robert Lee. Ruud Gullit resigned as manager of Newcastle United only 5 games into the 1999-2000 season, following a home defeat to local rivals Sunderland. Popular opinion had it that he resigned as manager before he was pushed out. He spent several years limited to occasional football punditry. Gullit became manager of Feyenoord before the start of the 2004/2005 season. However, he resigned at the end of the same season without winning any trophies.
www.netglimse.com
Tuesday, November 30, 2010
History of whistle football
Always play to the whistle
Wherever football is played, the chances are that the referee's whistle is an 'Acme Thunderer'. Invented by Joseph Hudson, an English toolmaker from Birmingham, in 1884, the Thunderer has been heard in 137 countries; at World Cups, Cup Finals, in parks, playing fields and beaches across the globe.
Over 160 million Thunderers have been manufactured by Hudson & Co., which is still based in Birmingham, England. Apart from football, Hudson whistles have also been used by crewmen on the Titanic, by British 'bobbies' (policemen) and by reggae musicians.
Today the Fox 40 series of whistles are very popular with many referees because of their "pea-less" design.
1860/70s: A toolmaker in England, called Joseph Hudson, converted his humble washroom at St. Marks Square in Birmingham, which he rented for 1s. 6d. (one shilling and six pence per week) into a whistle making workshop.
1878: It was generally written that the first football match to be officiated with a whistle was held in 1878 at the English Football Association Cup 2nd Round game between Nottingham Forest (2) v Sheffield (0). This was probably the 'Acme City' brass whistle, originally made by Joseph Hudson around the year 1875. Before that, signals where communicated by the umpires to the players by waving a handkerchief, a stick or by shouting.
In 1878, football matches were still officiated by two umpires who patrolled inside the field of play. The Referee of those days, took a subservient role on the touchline, and was only used as a mediator if the two umpires were unable to reach a decision. It would therefore have been most unlikely for the Referee of 1878 to require a whistle for his 'referring' role. The two umpires would have been the whistle blowers in these games.
1883: Joseph Hudson created the first London Police whistle to replace the hand rattle. Joseph came by accident across the distinctive sound required, when he dropped his violin. As the bridge and strings broke it murmured a dying note that lead to the perfect sound. Enclosing a pellet inside the policeman's whistle created the unique warbling sound, by interfering with the air vibration. The Police whistle could be heard over a mile away and was adopted as the official whistle of the London Bobby.
1884: Joseph Hudson, supported by his son, continued to revolutionize the world of whistles. The world's first reliable 'pea' whistle 'The Acme Thunderer' is launched, offering total reliability, control and power to the Referee.
1891: It was not until 1891 that umpires were abolished to the touchline as linesmen, and the Referee is introduced - operating for the first time on the field of play. It was probably here, when the Referee (as opposed to the umpires) first used the whistle, by which time the Referee was now regularly required to stop play for infringements. The whistle was proving to be a very useful tool indeed.
1906: The first attempts to produce moulded whistles from a material known as vulcanite were unsuccessful.
1914: As Bakelite started to develop as a moulding material, the first early plastic whistles were made.
1920: An improved 'Acme Thunderer' dates from around 1920. It was designed to be smaller, shriller and with its tapered mouthpiece, and was more comfortable for referees. Whistle 'Model No. 60.5, a small whistle with a tapered mouthpiece produces a high pitch - and could have been the type of whistle used in the first Wembley Cup Final held on 28 April 1923 between Bolton Wanderers (2) v West Ham United (0) and was designed for use in big crowds. And there was a big crowd that day of 126,047. The Model No. 60.5 is still available today.
1930: The 'Pro-Soccer' whistle, first used in 1930, had a special mouthpiece and a barrel for even greater power and a higher pitch for use in a noisy stadium.
1988: The 'Tornado 2000.' first made by Hudson was used at World Cups, UEFA Champion League matches and at the F.A. Cup Final and is a powerful whistle. This higher pitch gives greater penetration and creates a crescendo of sound that cuts through even the greatest crowd noise.
1989: The ACME Tornado is introduced and patented, and offers a range of six pea less sports whistles with high, medium and low frequencies for every sport. The Tornado 2000, was probably the ultimate in power whistles.
2004: There are many whistle manufacturers, and ACME continues to produce quality whistles. The Tornado 622 has a square mouthpiece, and is a bigger whistle. Medium high pitch with deeper discord for softer sound. Very loud but less harsh. The Tornado 635 is extremely powerful, in pitch and loudness. Its unique unconventional design is for those who want something that really stands out from the crowd. Three different and distinctive sounds; perfect for "three on three" or any situation where games are played in close proximity. The Thunderer 560 is a smaller whistle, with a high pitch.
The popular Fox 40's range also offers some excellent whistles. The FOX Classic - is their loudest, shrillest penetrating power whistle. Its patent pea-less design is ideal for outdoor safety as it is virtually indestructible, has no moving parts to jam or freeze and can be heard up to a mile away. It is the recommended safety whistle of the Scouts Association and the Duke of Edinburgh's Awards Scheme and is used by many Referees. The Fox Classic CMG has a 'Cushioned Mouth Grip' that enhances the original Fox Classic design. This added feature increases comfort and grip during prolonged use, and is ideal for officials who carry the whistle in the mouth during matches. The Fox Mini Compact, has a smaller mouthpiece, and has the same pea-less design and ultra shrill tone of the Fox Classic (it is ideal for Lady's and Children's safety). The Fox Pearl is a patented two chamber pea-less whistle, with a low pitched tone, and is another favourite with multi-sport referees and coaches. The Foxtreme, is a popular choice with younger users and is the same design as the Fox Pearl but is available in an attractive marbleized colour scheme, each whistle having it's own unique colour and pattern formation.
The Fox 40 "pea-less" whistle originated from an idea by Ron Foxcroft a USA basketball Referee who like others, had experienced problems with pea whistles not reacting quickly enough, and were unable to be heard above a large crowd noise. He explains. "They have a cork pea in them and when you blow a pea - whistle really hard, nothing comes out. When they're frozen or wet or get some dirt inside, they lose their efficiency."
Foxcroft listed a number of improvements that could enhance the performance of a whistle, and showed them to, Dan Bruneau the President a plastics moulding company Promold Corporation, based in Stoney Creek, Ontario. The company agreed to manufacture the whistle parts designed by Foxcroft. Promold went on to perfect a plastic moulded injection process that ultrasonically welded together whistle parts, rather than glued them. Chuck Shepherd, an Ontario design consultant took on the project. It took 14 prototypes to perfect the first Fox 40 pea-less whistle, which was patented on Ron Foxcroft's 40th birthday.
This whistle was first professionally used at the Basketball, Pan Am Games in Indianapolis. It was not long after this, that other sports realised its quality. Its tones were heard above the crowd at the Seoul Olympics, and was the predominant whistle used by Referees in the 1990 World Cup Soccer held in Italy and the 1994 World Cup held in the United States. The Fox 40 whistle is now patented in many Countries, and is popular not only with Referees, but with coaches, water safety, rescue teams, personal safety, dog owners and trainers, and many other sports enthusiasts. It is also an approved and recommended sound signalling device with Coast Guards Worldwide.
-gdsra.com.au-
Wherever football is played, the chances are that the referee's whistle is an 'Acme Thunderer'. Invented by Joseph Hudson, an English toolmaker from Birmingham, in 1884, the Thunderer has been heard in 137 countries; at World Cups, Cup Finals, in parks, playing fields and beaches across the globe.
Over 160 million Thunderers have been manufactured by Hudson & Co., which is still based in Birmingham, England. Apart from football, Hudson whistles have also been used by crewmen on the Titanic, by British 'bobbies' (policemen) and by reggae musicians.
Today the Fox 40 series of whistles are very popular with many referees because of their "pea-less" design.
1860/70s: A toolmaker in England, called Joseph Hudson, converted his humble washroom at St. Marks Square in Birmingham, which he rented for 1s. 6d. (one shilling and six pence per week) into a whistle making workshop.
1878: It was generally written that the first football match to be officiated with a whistle was held in 1878 at the English Football Association Cup 2nd Round game between Nottingham Forest (2) v Sheffield (0). This was probably the 'Acme City' brass whistle, originally made by Joseph Hudson around the year 1875. Before that, signals where communicated by the umpires to the players by waving a handkerchief, a stick or by shouting.
In 1878, football matches were still officiated by two umpires who patrolled inside the field of play. The Referee of those days, took a subservient role on the touchline, and was only used as a mediator if the two umpires were unable to reach a decision. It would therefore have been most unlikely for the Referee of 1878 to require a whistle for his 'referring' role. The two umpires would have been the whistle blowers in these games.
1883: Joseph Hudson created the first London Police whistle to replace the hand rattle. Joseph came by accident across the distinctive sound required, when he dropped his violin. As the bridge and strings broke it murmured a dying note that lead to the perfect sound. Enclosing a pellet inside the policeman's whistle created the unique warbling sound, by interfering with the air vibration. The Police whistle could be heard over a mile away and was adopted as the official whistle of the London Bobby.
1884: Joseph Hudson, supported by his son, continued to revolutionize the world of whistles. The world's first reliable 'pea' whistle 'The Acme Thunderer' is launched, offering total reliability, control and power to the Referee.
1891: It was not until 1891 that umpires were abolished to the touchline as linesmen, and the Referee is introduced - operating for the first time on the field of play. It was probably here, when the Referee (as opposed to the umpires) first used the whistle, by which time the Referee was now regularly required to stop play for infringements. The whistle was proving to be a very useful tool indeed.
1906: The first attempts to produce moulded whistles from a material known as vulcanite were unsuccessful.
1914: As Bakelite started to develop as a moulding material, the first early plastic whistles were made.
1920: An improved 'Acme Thunderer' dates from around 1920. It was designed to be smaller, shriller and with its tapered mouthpiece, and was more comfortable for referees. Whistle 'Model No. 60.5, a small whistle with a tapered mouthpiece produces a high pitch - and could have been the type of whistle used in the first Wembley Cup Final held on 28 April 1923 between Bolton Wanderers (2) v West Ham United (0) and was designed for use in big crowds. And there was a big crowd that day of 126,047. The Model No. 60.5 is still available today.
1930: The 'Pro-Soccer' whistle, first used in 1930, had a special mouthpiece and a barrel for even greater power and a higher pitch for use in a noisy stadium.
1988: The 'Tornado 2000.' first made by Hudson was used at World Cups, UEFA Champion League matches and at the F.A. Cup Final and is a powerful whistle. This higher pitch gives greater penetration and creates a crescendo of sound that cuts through even the greatest crowd noise.
1989: The ACME Tornado is introduced and patented, and offers a range of six pea less sports whistles with high, medium and low frequencies for every sport. The Tornado 2000, was probably the ultimate in power whistles.
2004: There are many whistle manufacturers, and ACME continues to produce quality whistles. The Tornado 622 has a square mouthpiece, and is a bigger whistle. Medium high pitch with deeper discord for softer sound. Very loud but less harsh. The Tornado 635 is extremely powerful, in pitch and loudness. Its unique unconventional design is for those who want something that really stands out from the crowd. Three different and distinctive sounds; perfect for "three on three" or any situation where games are played in close proximity. The Thunderer 560 is a smaller whistle, with a high pitch.
The popular Fox 40's range also offers some excellent whistles. The FOX Classic - is their loudest, shrillest penetrating power whistle. Its patent pea-less design is ideal for outdoor safety as it is virtually indestructible, has no moving parts to jam or freeze and can be heard up to a mile away. It is the recommended safety whistle of the Scouts Association and the Duke of Edinburgh's Awards Scheme and is used by many Referees. The Fox Classic CMG has a 'Cushioned Mouth Grip' that enhances the original Fox Classic design. This added feature increases comfort and grip during prolonged use, and is ideal for officials who carry the whistle in the mouth during matches. The Fox Mini Compact, has a smaller mouthpiece, and has the same pea-less design and ultra shrill tone of the Fox Classic (it is ideal for Lady's and Children's safety). The Fox Pearl is a patented two chamber pea-less whistle, with a low pitched tone, and is another favourite with multi-sport referees and coaches. The Foxtreme, is a popular choice with younger users and is the same design as the Fox Pearl but is available in an attractive marbleized colour scheme, each whistle having it's own unique colour and pattern formation.
The Fox 40 "pea-less" whistle originated from an idea by Ron Foxcroft a USA basketball Referee who like others, had experienced problems with pea whistles not reacting quickly enough, and were unable to be heard above a large crowd noise. He explains. "They have a cork pea in them and when you blow a pea - whistle really hard, nothing comes out. When they're frozen or wet or get some dirt inside, they lose their efficiency."
Foxcroft listed a number of improvements that could enhance the performance of a whistle, and showed them to, Dan Bruneau the President a plastics moulding company Promold Corporation, based in Stoney Creek, Ontario. The company agreed to manufacture the whistle parts designed by Foxcroft. Promold went on to perfect a plastic moulded injection process that ultrasonically welded together whistle parts, rather than glued them. Chuck Shepherd, an Ontario design consultant took on the project. It took 14 prototypes to perfect the first Fox 40 pea-less whistle, which was patented on Ron Foxcroft's 40th birthday.
This whistle was first professionally used at the Basketball, Pan Am Games in Indianapolis. It was not long after this, that other sports realised its quality. Its tones were heard above the crowd at the Seoul Olympics, and was the predominant whistle used by Referees in the 1990 World Cup Soccer held in Italy and the 1994 World Cup held in the United States. The Fox 40 whistle is now patented in many Countries, and is popular not only with Referees, but with coaches, water safety, rescue teams, personal safety, dog owners and trainers, and many other sports enthusiasts. It is also an approved and recommended sound signalling device with Coast Guards Worldwide.
-gdsra.com.au-
Thursday, November 25, 2010
History of football Shoes
 |
| Adolf Dassler adidas founder Rudolf Dassler Founder Puma |
At first, players may wear sandals of any kind in the field. Shoes with plain base and is often used for work was allowed. Women's shoes with the right kind of high even once used a man in a green field.
Then, step out on the 1863 FIFA regulations. One of them reads, "which can neither wear protruding nails, iron plates, or the sap of rubber on the soles of his shoes are allowed to play."
Rules that raises passions cobbler in the UK and European football untukmembuat special shoes. Before the start of mass industry, cobbler made in the scale of most households.
In 1895, Joe and Jeff Foster founded J.W. Foster and Sons in Bolton, England, before turning it into Reebok in 1958. Since January 1905, Herman Jansen made the store as well as sandals in her home workshop in the town of Hengelo, Gelderland Province, eastern Netherlands. In the same year, comes Gola shoe maker in England.
Shoe industry increasingly stretched when his younger brother Adolf and Rudolf Dassler opened a factory with a Gebruder Dassler Schuhfabrik in 1924. Two brothers' partnership was finally broken in 1947. Adolf form Adidas and Puma Rudolf spawn.
Shoes with a Cup Final Specials worldwide thanks to "teeth" at the bottom of the timber so that the player easily to the ground clutching his leg. End of the shoe is made with woven patterns to easily move the player controls the ball during his toes.Tooth shape is like a small tube with a three-pointed nails. Players must memakukkan "nail" into the sol with a small hammer.
Serration size was also varied. Players will choose a longer tooth to play in the muddy field so as not to easily slip. One task is to check the referee and his assistant sol before the players entered the field. If your teeth are too sharp and the shoes stand out, players are not allowed to enter.
Past sandals made from leather thin but heavy. The model nor the form of long boots in order to protect the ankle boot players from kicking the opponent. New shoes are generally hard and rigid so that often make the wearer leg injury. To be more flexible and comfortable wear, shoes soaked for several hours before the subject, and dried to moisture content while not incriminating footwear.
In the 1920s, football boots began to be mass produced. One of famous the this era was Manfield Hotspur. Leather shoes are not only produced for adult players, but also for all ages, including children.
Ten years later, came the shoelace color variations. In addition to black, there are also white, red, and others. In the field, players often-changing menggonta this rope because the process of soak-drying shoe makes strap can be easily damaged.
In 1951, the company began sniffing shoes new business. They profiteer famous player name for a product. England star at the time, Stanley Matthews, to name the output CWS shoes. He listed himself as the first player who was hired as a shoe commercials. Thus, began the commercialization of sponsorship by manufacturers of shoes to the player, who now earn a maximum of 20 pounds.
Besides Matthews, other players began to get a special place in the hearts of producers. Shoes Bobby Charlton, for example, available in 1964. Two years later, appeared sandals named Pele, who was made according to the demands of agile style of playing the Brazilian style.
Matthews also become one of the users shoes Continental, the latest series of Manfield and worn Hotspur players in Europe and Brazil. These shoes are made in the 1950s to the 1960s.
At that time, the soles of shoes are also made with rubber, plastic, or metal with a hook screw.
Adi Dassler shoes designed for the German national team when competing in the 1954 World Cup in Switzerland. He wore a thinner skin and light for a given shoe that Adidas trademark. In addition, the spool assembly is also replaced with a screw mechanism so easily removed and adjusted to the various contours of the field.
It's said that shoes make Germany (West), who was then underdog status, can perform a maximum against teams that are still wearing football boots? Conventional?, Including Hungary, which became a strong team and favored to win.
Hungarian team who wore shoes older models are stiff and heavy with a short spool was overwhelmed when the final against Germany. Plus, the rain that makes shoes getting heavier and the grip is reduced due to the short spool.
Germany was home with his first World Cup after beating Hungary 3-2.
 |
| Adi Dassler : World Cup 1954 |
One of the producers who also incessantly evolved in soccer shoes, especially the aspects of heavy shoes, a Nike. The latest generation Nike, Mercurial Vapor Superfly II, weighed no more than 185 grams. This shoe is also said to be a favorite with the position players who rely on speed, like a striker or a wing midfielder.
During the soccer shoes identical to the color combination of black or brown with white stripes. White Puma shoes ever made in 1958, but was only shown by the English players, Alan Ball, a decade later. Another screen started to appear in 1998, one worn by the players of Morocco, Moustafa Hadji.
In 1995, the former Liverpool player Craig Johnston, to design a shoe called Predators are manufactured by Adidas. These shoes using kangaroo leather as the outer layer that is claimed to facilitate the bending direction of the ball. This claim makes the shoes among other sweet and selling used executor like Zinedine Zidane, David Beckham and Steven Gerrard.
Currently a variety of manufacturers make shoes with the latest technology needs of users. Shape, design, and the material is made so that players can move their feet as comfortable as possible and safe. The nails in the soles did not always amount to equal one another. The teeth were initially changed to select a round and is often considered to be easy to injure your opponent.
Contemporary shoe is available in a variety of color. Nike, for example, ever create a flirty pink-colored shoes, Nike Mercurial Vapor Rosa. You can see it on foot Nicklas Bendtner and Franck Ribery. bright colors like this are very conspicuous in the field. A clever gimmick to attract viewers to easily glared at her favorite star game and find out the ability to wear shoes.
Since then, soccer shoes continue to evolve following the developments and needs of the age with the replacement spool with plastic, synthetic leather, and the application of technology that makes football player kicked more accurately and move faster.
That's also what makes Barcelona star, Lionel Messi, like the bright blue Adidas F50i was wearing at the Champions League final in 2009 then. Shoes with a layer of material SprintSkin sintentis nan antiair this flexible legs adorn prominent players in World Cup qualifier in 2010. but in the later rounds of the World Cup Final which will be used is F50 adiZero which claims the lightest shoe in the world.
More than the colors that, Messi and all players must agree that the shape, materials, and design shoes to help them out so the game characters in the field. In the end, the audience was captivated by the action of the star.
Now, Messi and his new colleagues in Barcelona, David Villa, will both be wearing shoes that are named F50 tech adiZero that support their movement can be faster when competing in the World Cup later. Speed factor is important because in the era of modern football, sometimes the victory is determined only within a few millimeters or a fraction of a second.
 |
| Lionel Messi and David Villa with adidas f50 |
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